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¡¡¡¡fivescoreyearsago,agreatamerican,inwhosesymbolicshadowwestandsignedtheemancipationproclamation.thismomentousdecreecameasagreatbeaconlightofhopetomillionsofnegroslaveswhohadbeensearedintheflamesofwitheringinjustice.itcameasajoyousdaybreaktoendthelongnightofcaptivity.
¡¡¡¡butonehundredyearslater,wemustfacethetragicfactthatthenegroisstillnotfree.onehundredyearslater,thelifeofthenegroisstillsadlycrippledbythemanaclesofsegregationandthechainsofdiscrimination.onehundredyearslater,thenegrolivesonalonelyislandofpovertyinthemidstofavastoceanofmaterialprosperity.onehundredyearslater,thenegroisstilllanguishinginthecornersofamericansocietyandfindshimselfanexileinhisownland.sowehavecomeheretodaytodramatizeanappallingcondition.
¡¡¡¡inasensewehavecometoournation'scapitaltocashacheck.whenthearchitectsofourrepublicwrotethemagnificentwordsoftheconstitutionandthedeclarationofindependence,theyweresigningapromissorynotetowhicheveryamericanwastofallheir.thisnotewasapromisethatallmenwouldbeguaranteedtheinalienablerightsoflife,liberty,andthepursuitofhappiness.
¡¡¡¡itisobvioustodaythatamericahasdefaultedonthispromissorynoteinsofarashercitizensofcolorareconcerned.insteadofhonoringthissacredobligation,americahasgiventhenegropeopleabadcheckwhichhascomebackmarked"insufficientfunds."butwerefusetobelievethatthebankofjusticeisbankrupt.werefusetobelievethatthereareinsufficientfundsinthegreatvaultsofopportunityofthisnation.
¡¡¡¡sowehavecometocashthischeck--acheckthatwillgiveusupondemandtherichesoffreedomandthesecurityofjustice.
¡¡¡¡wehavealsocometothishallowedspottoremindamericaofthefierceurgencyofnow.thisisnotimetoengageintheluxuryofcoolingoffortotakethetranquilizingdrugofgradualism.nowisthetimetorisefromthedarkanddesolatevalleyofsegregationtothesunlitpathofracialjustice.nowisthetimetoopenthedoorsofopportunitytoallofgod'schildren.nowisthetimetoliftournationfromthequicksandsofracialinjusticetothesolidrockofbrotherhood.
¡¡¡¡itwouldbefatalforthenationtooverlooktheurgencyofthemomentandtounderestimatethedeterminationofthenegro.thisswelteringsummerofthenegro'slegitimatediscontentwillnotpassuntilthereisaninvigoratingautumnoffreedomandequality.nineteensixty-threeisnotanend,butabeginning.
¡¡¡¡thosewhohopethatthenegroneededtoblowoffsteamandwillnowbecontentwillhavearudeawakeningifthenationreturnstobusinessasusual.therewillbeneitherrestnortranquilityinamericauntilthenegroisgrantedhiscitizenshiprights.thewhirlwindsofrevoltwillcontinuetoshakethefoundationsofournationuntilthebrightdayofjusticeemerges.
¡¡¡¡butthereissomethingthatimustsaytomypeoplewhostandonthewarmthresholdwhichleadsintothepalaceofjustice.intheprocessofgainingourrightfulplacewemustnotbeguiltyofwrongfuldeeds.letusnotseektosatisfyourthirstforfreedombydrinkingfromthecupofbitternessandhatred.
¡¡¡¡wemustforeverconductourstruggleonthehighplaneofdignityanddiscipline.wemustnotallowourcreativeprotesttodegenerateintophysicalviolence.againandagainwemustrisetothemajesticheightsofmeetingphysicalforcewithsoulforce.
¡¡¡¡themarvelousnewmilitancywhichhasengulfedthenegrocommunitymustnotleadustodistrustofallwhitepeople,formanyofourwhitebrothers,asevidencedbytheirpresenceheretoday,havecometorealizethattheirdestinyistiedupwithourdestinyandtheirfreedomisinextricablyboundtoourfreedom.
¡¡¡¡wecannotwalkalone.andaswewalk,wemustmakethepledgethatweshallmarchahead.wecannotturnback.therearethosewhoareaskingthedevoteesofcivilrights,"whenwillyoubesatisfied?"wecanneverbesatisfiedaslongasourbodies,heavywiththefatigueoftravel,cannotgainlodginginthemotelsofthehighwaysandthehotelsofthecities.wecannotbesatisfiedaslongasthenegro'sbasicmobilityisfromasmallerghettotoalargerone.wecanneverbesatisfiedaslongasanegroinmississippicannotvoteandanegroinnewyorkbelieveshehasnothingforwhichtovote.no,no,wearenotsatisfied,andwewillnotbesatisfieduntiljusticerollsdownlikewatersandrighteousnesslikeamightystream.
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